GNU
Free Documentation License
Contributors:
Free Software Foundation; Forward: AbleStable
Forward
The
GNU Documentation License is intended to 'make a manual,
textbook, or other written documentation "free"
' (see the GNU definition below) and to ensure the
author of that work is credited. We have included
a copy of the GNU Documentation License at AbleStable®
for general reference. You may also wish to view An
Overview of the GNU Project (local link).
For further reference you may wish to read our article
Copyright: Ownership
and Protection which outlines the general principles
of copyright.
GNU
Free Documentation License Version 1.1, March 2000
Copyright
(C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307
USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim
copies of this license document, but changing it is
not allowed.
0.
PREAMBLE
The
purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook,
or other written document "free" in the
sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective
freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
Secondarily, this License preserves for the author
and publisher a way to get credit for their work,
while not being considered responsible for modifications
made by others.
This License is a kind of "copyleft",
which means that derivative works of the document
must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements
the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
license designed for free software.
We have designed this License in order to use it
for manuals for free software, because free software
needs free documentation: a free program should
come with manuals providing the same freedoms that
the software does. But this License is not limited
to software manuals; it can be used for any textual
work, regardless of subject matter or whether it
is published as a printed book. We recommend this
License principally for works whose purpose is instruction
or reference.
1.
APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
This
License applies to any manual or other work that
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder
saying it can be distributed under the terms of
this License. The "Document", below, refers
to any such manual or work. Any member of the public
is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".
A "Modified Version" of the Document means
any work containing the Document or a portion of
it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications
and/or translated into another language.
A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix
or a front-matter section of the Document that deals
exclusively with the relationship of the publishers
or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing
that could fall directly within that overall subject.
(For example, if the Document is in part a textbook
of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter
of historical connection with the subject or with
related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical,
ethical or political position regarding them.
The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary
Sections whose titles are designated, as being those
of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that
the Document is released under this License.
The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages
of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or
Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the
Document is released under this License.
A "Transparent" copy of the Document means
a machine-readable copy, represented in a format
whose specification is available to the general
public, whose contents can be viewed and edited
directly and straightforwardly with generic text
editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic
paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to
text formatters or for automatic translation to
a variety of formats suitable for input to text
formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent
file format whose markup has been designed to thwart
or discourage subsequent modification by readers
is not Transparent. A copy that is not "Transparent"
is called "Opaque".
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies
include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input
format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a
publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming
simple HTML designed for human modification. Opaque
formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats
that can be read and edited only by proprietary
word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
processing tools are not generally available, and
the machine-generated HTML produced by some word
processors for output purposes only.
The "Title Page" means, for a printed
book, the title page itself, plus such following
pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
this License requires to appear in the title page.
For works in formats which do not have any title
page as such, "Title Page" means the text
near the most prominent appearance of the work's
title, preceding the beginning of the body of the
text.
2.
VERBATIM COPYING
You
may copy and distribute the Document in any medium,
either commercially or noncommercially, provided
that this License, the copyright notices, and the
license notice saying this License applies to the
Document are reproduced in all copies, and that
you add no other conditions whatsoever to those
of this License. You may not use technical measures
to obstruct or control the reading or further copying
of the copies you make or distribute. However, you
may accept compensation in exchange for copies.
If you distribute a large enough number of copies
you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions
stated above, and you may publicly display copies.
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
If you publish printed copies of the
Document numbering more than 100, and the Document's
license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly,
all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the
front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover.
Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
you as the publisher of these copies. The front
cover must present the full title with all words
of the title equally prominent and visible. You
may add other material on the covers in addition.
Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long
as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy
these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying
in other respects.
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous
to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed
(as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover,
and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the
Document numbering more than 100, you must either
include a machine-readable Transparent copy along
with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each
Opaque copy a publicly-accessible computer-network
location containing a complete Transparent copy
of the Document, free of added material, which the
general network-using public has access to download
anonymously at no charge using public-standard network
protocols. If you use the latter option, you must
take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution
of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this
Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at
the stated location until at least one year after
the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly
or through your agents or retailers) of that edition
to the public.
It is requested, but not required, that you contact
the authors of the Document well before redistributing
any large number of copies, to give them a chance
to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
4.
MODIFICATIONS
You
may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the
Document under the conditions of sections 2 and
3 above, provided that you release the Modified
Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing
distribution and modification of the Modified Version
to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition,
you must do these things in the Modified Version:
A.
Use in the Title Page (and
on the covers, if any) a title distinct
from that of the Document, and from
those of previous versions (which should,
if there were any, be listed in the
History section of the Document). You
may use the same title as a previous
version if the original publisher of
that version gives permission.
B. List
on the Title Page, as authors, one or
more persons or entities responsible
for authorship of the modifications
in the Modified Version, together with
at least five of the principal authors
of the Document (all of its principal
authors, if it has less than five).
C. State
on the Title page the name of the publisher
of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
D. Preserve
all the copyright notices of the Document.
E. Add
an appropriate copyright notice for
your modifications adjacent to the other
copyright notices.
F. Include,
immediately after the copyright notices,
a license notice giving the public permission
to use the Modified Version under the
terms of this License, in the form shown
in the Addendum below.
G. Preserve
in that license notice the full lists
of Invariant Sections and required Cover
Texts given in the Document's license
notice.
H. Include
an unaltered copy of this License.
I. Preserve
the section entitled "History",
and its title, and add to it an item
stating at least the title, year, new
authors, and publisher of the Modified
Version as given on the Title Page.
If there is no section entitled "History"
in the Document, create one stating
the title, year, authors, and publisher
of the Document as given on its Title
Page, then add an item describing the
Modified Version as stated in the previous
sentence.
J. Preserve
the network location, if any, given
in the Document for public access to
a Transparent copy of the Document,
and likewise the network locations given
in the Document for previous versions
it was based on. These may be placed
in the "History" section.
You may omit a network location for
a work that was published at least four
years before the Document itself, or
if the original publisher of the version
it refers to gives permission.
K. In
any section entitled "Acknowledgements"
or "Dedications", preserve
the section's title, and preserve in
the section all the substance and tone
of each of the contributor acknowledgements
and/or dedications given therein.
L. Preserve
all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
unaltered in their text and in their
titles. Section numbers or the equivalent
are not considered part of the section
titles.
M.
Delete any section entitled "Endorsements".
Such a section may not be included in
the Modified Version.
N. Do
not retitle any existing section as
"Endorsements" or to conflict
in title with any Invariant Section. |
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If
the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections
or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections
and contain no material copied from the Document,
you may at your option designate some or all of
these sections as invariant. To do this, add their
titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the
Modified Version's license notice. These titles
must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section entitled "Endorsements",
provided it contains nothing but endorsements of
your Modified Version by various parties--for example,
statements of peer review or that the text has been
approved by an organization as the authoritative
definition of a standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover
Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover
Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the
Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover
Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by
(or through arrangements made by) any one entity.
If the Document already includes a cover text for
the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement
made by the same entity you are acting on behalf
of, you may not add another; but you may replace
the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
publisher that added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do
not by this License give permission to use their
names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement
of any Modified Version.
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other
documents released under this License, under the
terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions,
provided that you include in the combination all
of the Invariant Sections of all of the original
documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant
Sections of your combined work in its license notice.
The combined work need only contain one copy of
this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections
may be replaced with a single copy. If there are
multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such
section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses,
the name of the original author or publisher of
that section if known, or else a unique number.
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in
the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice
of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections
entitled "History" in the various original
documents, forming one section entitled "History";
likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements",
and any sections entitled "Dedications".
You must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements."
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting
of the Document and other documents released under
this License, and replace the individual copies
of this License in the various documents with a
single copy that is included in the collection,
provided that you follow the rules of this License
for verbatim copying of each of the documents in
all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection,
and distribute it individually under this License,
provided you insert a copy of this License into
the extracted document, and follow this License
in all other respects regarding verbatim copying
of that document.
7.
AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A
compilation of the Document or its derivatives with
other separate and independent documents or works,
in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium,
does not as a whole count as a Modified Version
of the Document, provided no compilation copyright
is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation
is called an "aggregate", and this License
does not apply to the other self-contained works
thus compiled with the Document, on account of their
being thus compiled, if they are not themselves
derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable
to these copies of the Document, then if the Document
is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate,
the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers
that surround only the Document within the aggregate.
Otherwise they must appear on covers around the
whole aggregate.
8.
TRANSLATION
Translation
is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the
terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections
with translations requires special permission from
their copyright holders, but you may include translations
of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to
the original versions of these Invariant Sections.
You may include a translation of this License provided
that you also include the original English version
of this License. In case of a disagreement between
the translation and the original English version
of this License, the original English version will
prevail.
9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute
the Document except as expressly provided for under
this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify,
sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and
will automatically terminate your rights under this
License. However, parties who have received copies,
or rights, from you under this License will not
have their licenses terminated so long as such parties
remain in full compliance.
10.
FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised
versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from
time to time. Such new versions will be similar
in spirit to the present version, but may differ
in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing
version number. If the Document specifies that a
particular numbered version of this License "or
any later version" applies to it, you have
the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that specified version or of any later
version that has been published (not as a draft)
by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
does not specify a version number of this License,
you may choose any version ever published (not as
a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
How to use this License
for your documents
To use this License in a document you have written,
include a copy of the License in the document and
put the following copyright and license notices
just after the title page:
Copyright
(c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or
modify this document under the terms of the GNU
Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later
version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES,
with the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with
the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. A copy of the license
is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License".
If
you have no Invariant Sections, write "with
no Invariant Sections" instead of saying which
ones are invariant. If you have no Front-Cover Texts,
write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of
"Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise
for Back-Cover Texts.
If
your document contains nontrivial examples of program
code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel
under your choice of free software license, such
as the GNU General Public License, to permit their
use in free software.
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